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convert number 1111012 = ?16
Step 1: Divide the binary digits into groups 0f four starting from the right
0011 1101
Step 2 Convert each group into a hexadecimal digit
00112 = 0 x 23

• 0x22


• 1 +21 + 1x20 = 310 = 316
  112 = 1x 23


• 1x22


• 0 +21 + 1x20 = 1310 = 1316
  Converting Binary Number to Hexadecima Number Data Communications
  ✔ Telecommunication refers to long-distance communication.
  ✔ The term data refers to information displayed in any way that the parties creating
  and using the data agree on.
  ✔ Data communications are the exchange of data between two devices via some form of nsmission medium such as a wire cable or wireless.
  ❖Delivery → Correct destination
  ❖Accuracy → Accurate data
  ❖Timelines → Real-time transmis Data Communications
  ✔ Text
  ✔ Numbers
  ✔ Images
  ✔ Audio
  ✔ Video
  Data flow
  ▪ Simplex
  ▪ Half-duplex
  ▪ Full-duplex Data Transmission Modes
  ✔ There are three modes of communication
  ✔ Simplex
  ❖ ln simplex transmission ,mode communication Can take place in only one .direction
  ❖ lt means the sender will always send & the receiver will always
  ❖ An example is TV ,Waves we Can watch different channels on TV but there is no need
  to send any type of signals from TV. Another example is line printer
  ✔ Half-Duplex
  ❖ A half-duplex System Can transmit data in both ,direction but only in one direction at a
  time
  ❖ It means that at a time one computer Can only send or receive when one device
  completes a ,transmission this device must turn" "over the medium to the other device
  SO that this second device has turn to .transmit .e.g wireless Data Transmission Modes
  ✔ Full-Duplex
  ❖ This mode allows a device to send & receive data simultaneously is called duplex or
  full-duplex .mode
  ❖ This mode provides two Ways to simultaneously data transfer by providing each device
  with a separate communication channel.
  ❖ Voice telephone is full-duplex devices and either party to a conversation can talk at an Types of connections
  ✔ Point to point
  ❖ A dedicated link is provided between two devices
  ✔ Multipoint
  More than two specific devices share a single link Introduction to Network
  ✔ A network is a set of devices (nodes) connected by communication links.
  ✔ A node can be a computer, printer, or any other device capable of sending and/or
  receiving data generated by other nodes on the network.
  ✔ A computer network consists of two or more computing devices connected to each
  other to share resources and information Why Computer Network?
  ✔ To share information or receive a service via a network or group of members able to
  communicate with each other.
  ✔ The concept of connected computers sharing resources is called Networking
  ✔ Computer network that is part of network can share the following
  Data ,Messages ,Graphics ,Printers ,Modem Fax machine other& Hardware resour Applications of Networks
  ✔ Resource Sharing
  ❖ Hardware ( computing resources ,disks , printers)
  ❖ Software (application Software)
  ✔ information Sharing
  ❖ Easy accessibility from anywhere (files) databases)
  ❖ Search Capability (WWW)
  ✔ Communication
  ❖Email
  ❖Message broadcast Networking Hardware
  ✔ Network devices or networking hardware are the physical devices that are used for
  establishing connections and facilating interaction between different devices in a
  computer network.
  ✔ Hub
  ✔ Repeater
  ✔ Bridge
  ✔ Switch
  ✔ Router
  ✔ NIC (Network Interface Card) BUS Topology
  ✔ A multipoint topology
  ✔ All devices are linked through a backbone cable
  ✔ Nodes are connected to the bus cable by drop lines and taps.
  ✔ Drop line
  A connection running between the device and the main cable
  ✔ Tap
  A connector that either splices into the main cable or punctures the sheathing of a
  cable to create a contact with the metallic co