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Ultrasound technology involves the use of high-frequency sound waves to analyze tissue characteristics.It is a helpful and versatile technique in medical imaging, offering different or distinctive information about tissues compared to conventional radiography or CT scans.Sound waves are transmitted through liquids as longitudinal waves, with particle movements in the medium parallel to the direction of wave propagation.Sound waves transfer their energy by means of pressure changes on the particles in a mechanical manner.

Ultrasound technology involves the use of high-frequency sound waves to analyze tissue characteristics. It is a helpful and versatile technique in medical imaging, offering different or distinctive information about tissues compared to conventional radiography or CT scans.
Sound waves are transmitted through liquids as longitudinal waves, with particle movements in the medium parallel to the direction of wave propagation. Sound waves transfer their energy by means of pressure changes on the particles in a mechanical manner. Regions with a high amount of pressure and density are known as "compressions," while regions with low pressure and density are known as "rarefactions."
The sound waves employed in medical ultrasound have a frequency in the millions of cycles per second range, which is known as megahertz (MHz). On the other hand, humans can hear frequencies up to 20 thousand cycles per second (20 kHz) 2.
Ultrasound images are created by utilizing the characteristics of acoustic physics such as reflection, refraction, absorption, and scattering. These characteristics result in the weakening of ultrasound waves utilized for identifying and describing various tissue varieties. The attenuation coefficient is used to characterize the degree of ultrasound attenuation. Acoustic impedance is a characteristic of tissue that measures its resistance to the passage of an ultrasound beam. The ratios of reflected and transmitted sound waves are determined by variations in the acoustic impedance of the two mediums.