خدمة تلخيص النصوص العربية أونلاين،قم بتلخيص نصوصك بضغطة واحدة من خلال هذه الخدمة
Because learning changes everything.(R) Chapter 13 Mutations and Genetic Testing Essentials of Biology SEVENTH EDITION Sylvia S. Mader Michael Windelspecht (C) McGraw Hill LLC.Rheumatoid arthritis o Immune system destroys person's own body o Inject adenoviruses that contain anti-inflammatory genes into the affected joint (C) McGraw Hill LLC 2Figure 13.10 Use of a DNA Microarray to Test for Mutated Genes (C) McGraw Hill LLC 18 DNA Sequencing o Individual's complete genome o Important in personalized medicine o Can not only show risk for disease but also holds key to new treatment options o Based on genetic information, it is possible to improve patient outcomes and increase treatment options with increased precision o Becoming more affordable leading to popularity of personalized medicine (C) McGraw Hill LLC 19 Testing the Fetus Ultrasound--helps evaluate fetal anatomy for serious abnormalities o Uses high-frequency sound waves Testing fetal cells o Cells from amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling o Fetal cells can also be collected from mother's blood o PCR used to amplify DNA, no risk to fetus (C) McGraw Hill LLC 20 Testing the Embryo o Testing the embryo-- following IVF, one cell can be removed from embryo without harm Access the text alternative for slide images.Inv dup 15 syndrome--inverted duplication of chromosome 15 o Inversion--segment joins in direction opposite from normal (C) McGraw Hill LLC 9 Chromosomal Mutations- Translocation Rearrangement of parts between nonhomologous chromosomes.o Alignment only possible when the inverted chromosome forms a loop (C) McGraw Hill LLC 12 Genetic Testing Genetic counseling--potential parents are advised on their risk of inherited disorders Counselor helps couple understand the mode of inheritance, medical consequences of disorder, and decisions they might wish to make Karyotyping--visual display of chromosomes arranged by size, shape, and banding pattern.(C) McGraw Hill LLC Kateryna Kon/Shutterstock 15 Testing for a Protein Some disorders are caused by a missing enzyme o Test for quantity of enzyme produced (C) McGraw Hill LLC 16 Testing the DNA- Genetic Markers Relies on an abnormality in the DNA sequence due to presence of abnormal allele.(C) McGraw Hill LLC 25 In Vivo Gene Therapy Cystic fibrosis treatment o Gene needed is sprayed into the nose or delivered to lower respiratory tract o Use adenoviruses or liposomes to carry gene Poor coronary circulation treatment o Vascular endothelial growth factor can cause growth of new blood vessels.(C) McGraw Hill LLC 23 Ex Vivo Gene Therapy Treatment of SCID o Severe combined immunodeficiency o Lack enzyme involved in the maturation of cells producing antibodies o Bone marrow stem cells are removed and infected with RNA retrovirus carrying the gene for normal enzyme.o Williams syndrome--chromosome 7 loses a tiny end piece o Cri du chat--chromosome 5 loses an end piece (C) McGraw Hill LLC 8 Chromosomal Mutations- Duplication Chromosome segments are repeated Individual has more than two alleles for certain traits.5% of Down syndrome cases caused by a translocation in previous generation between chromosomes 21 and 14 o Not related to parental age but is inherited (C) McGraw Hill LLC 10 Chromosomal Mutations- Inversion A chromosome segment is turned 180?o Small portion of liver is removed and infected with retrovirus containing normal cholesterol receptor o Tissue is returned to patient (C) McGraw Hill LLC 24 Figure 13.13 Ex Vivo Gene Therapy in Humans Access the text alternative for slide images.(C) McGraw Hill LLC 2 Gene Mutations Gene: A segment of DNA that encodes for a functional product, typically a protein, crucial for cellular functions.Figure 13.9 Use of a Genetic Marker to Test for a Genetic Mutation (C) McGraw Hill LLC 17 Testing the DNA- DNA Microarrays Mutant alleles placed onto a DNA microarray, small silicone chip which is compared to DNA of a person to indicate risk of developing disease, which can be discussed with genetic counselor.Include deletions, duplications, inversions, and translocations.All rights reserved.2.3.4.?
Because learning changes everything.®
Chapter 13
Mutations and Genetic
Testing
Essentials of Biology
SEVENTH EDITION
Sylvia S. Mader
Michael Windelspecht
© McGraw Hill LLC. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw Hill LLC.
Learning Outcomes
تلخيص النصوص العربية والإنجليزية اليا باستخدام الخوارزميات الإحصائية وترتيب وأهمية الجمل في النص
يمكنك تحميل ناتج التلخيص بأكثر من صيغة متوفرة مثل PDF أو ملفات Word أو حتي نصوص عادية
يمكنك مشاركة رابط التلخيص بسهولة حيث يحتفظ الموقع بالتلخيص لإمكانية الإطلاع عليه في أي وقت ومن أي جهاز ماعدا الملخصات الخاصة
نعمل علي العديد من الإضافات والمميزات لتسهيل عملية التلخيص وتحسينها
- Introducing the e-Twinning Project (ESEP) to my school's students and encouraging them to join, gi...
إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونُوا قَبِيلَةً فَيَدْخُلَ فِيهِ النِّسَاءُ دُونَ أَوْلَادِهِنَّ مِنْ غَيْرِهِمْ ١)....
كما ترسخت الهوية الفلسطينية بشكل أسرع وأكبر في غزة والضفة الغربية بعد الاحتلال الإسرائيلي لهما عام 1...
الأسلوب الغنائي يتحدد الأسلوب الغالي بالتعبير عن المشاعر والأحاسيس والانفعالات الذاتية الفردية، وذل...
مثالية للاستخدام التجاري في المقاهي والمطاعم بفضل حجمها المناسب ،و ممتازة للاستخدام في المطبخ أو زاو...
تاريخ الدمج : يشير الأدب التربوي إلى أن التاريخ المبكر لتربية الأطفال غير العادين كان عبارة عن إهمال...
واجه الأخصائيون والمرشدون النفسيون العديد من التحديات عند العمل مع ذوي الاحتياجات الخاصة، بما في ذلك...
ندعو المواطنين الواردة أسماؤهم في قوائم تعويضات الأنواء المناخية وتعويضات الأراضي بمحافظة مسقط، لمر...
تاريخ الحسد في السودان.. يتحدث السيد ابراهيم منعم منصور على لسان والده عن معرفة الخواجات لهذه الصفة ...
Pulse (Heart Rate) • Purpose: To assess cardiovascular response before, during, and after exercise....
The thing is, for me as a medical doctor, they don't have to explain that much because I understand ...
All the time The service from the nurses and the medical staff is amazing I'm a medical doctor mysel...