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What's fibromyalgia?FM is related to central sensitization processes and involves the loss of glial cells homeostasis

FM patients frequently present other chronic pain syndromes, such as rheumatoid arthritis and endometriosis.Amitriptyline was also associated with improvement in pain fatigue, sleep, and quality of life and antidepressants, opioids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, sedatives, muscle relaxants, and antiepileptic drugsFibromyalgia is characterized by chronic widespread pain, fatigue, sleep disturbances and functional symptoms.o Fibromyalgia is the third most frequent musculoskeletal condition, and its prevalence increases with age.

What's fibromyalgia?

Fibromyalgia is characterized by chronic widespread pain, fatigue, sleep disturbances and functional symptoms.

• Fibromyalgia is the third most frequent musculoskeletal condition, and its prevalence increases with age.

FM is related to central sensitization processes and involves the loss of glial cells homeostasis

FM patients frequently present other chronic pain syndromes, such as rheumatoid arthritis and endometriosis.

Causes:

Though its exact pathogenesis is still unclear, but:

• FM is involved with neural over-sensitization and decreased conditioned pain modulation

• FM is associated with chronic pain without any visible damage to peripheral tissue, the idea of nociplastic pain resulting from altered nociception was born

• Although specific biomarkers have not been fully identified and validated, some studies show that there is a genetic predisposition involved

Psychologically:

patients with fibromyalgia are characterized by a preponderant negative affect, that is, the presence of negative emotions associated with a generalized distress state This state of psychological suffering can accompany full-blown psychiatric disorders can notably affect the lives of the patients and even the severity of the syndrome:

The lifetime prevalence of anxiety disorders in patients with fibro- myalgia is 60%

depression is observed in 14-36% of patients compared with 6.6% of healthy individuals

the risk of suicide ten times higher than in the general

Treatment:

myofascial release was the most used modality

aquatic physiotherapy or hydrotherapy

Physical Activity exercise is generally recommended in treating people with FM

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

• Pharmacological Treatment (gabapentin and pregabalin) are effective in reducing FM-associated pain by ≥30%. Amitriptyline was also associated with improvement in pain fatigue, sleep, and quality of life and antidepressants, opioids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, sedatives, muscle relaxants, and antiepileptic drugs