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How Antimicrobial Resistance Happens Antimicrobial resistance happens when germs like bacteria and fungi develop the ability to defeat the drugs designed to kill them.However, increases in antimicrobial resistance are driven by a combination of germs exposed to antibiotics and antifungals, and the spread of those germs and their resistance mechanisms.Definition of Germs & Antimicrobials Antimicrobial resistance does not mean our body is resistant to antibiotics .The content on this webpage does not include resistance to antivirals or antiparasitics.Bacteria cause infections such as strep throat, foodborne illnesses, and other serious infections.Antimicrobials is a term used to describe drugs that treat many types of infections by killing or slowing the growth of pathogens causing the infection.Antimicrobial resistance is a naturally occurring process.It means the bacteria causing the infection are resistant to the antibiotic treatment.Antibiotics treat bacterial infections.Resistant infections can be difficult, and sometimes impossible, to treat.

How Antimicrobial Resistance Happens
Antimicrobial resistance happens when germs like bacteria and fungi develop the ability to defeat the drugs designed to kill them. Resistant infections can be difficult, and sometimes impossible, to treat. Antimicrobial resistance is a naturally occurring process. However, increases in antimicrobial resistance are driven by a combination of germs exposed to antibiotics and antifungals, and the spread of those germs and their resistance mechanisms.

Definition of Germs & Antimicrobials
Antimicrobial resistance does not mean our body is resistant to antibiotics . It means the bacteria causing the infection are resistant to the antibiotic treatment.

Antimicrobials is a term used to describe drugs that treat many types of infections by killing or slowing the growth of pathogens causing the infection. The content on this webpage does not include resistance to antivirals or antiparasitics.
Bacteria cause infections such as strep throat, foodborne illnesses, and other serious infections. Antibiotics treat bacterial infections.
People sometimes use “antibiotic” and “antimicrobial” interchangeably.

Antimicrobial resistance happens when germs like bacteria and fungi develop the ability to defeat the drugs designed to kill them. That means the germs are not killed and continue to grow. Resistant infections can be difficult, and sometimes impossible, to treat.

Antimicrobial resistance is an urgent global public health threat, killing at least 1.27 million people worldwide and associated with nearly 5 million deaths in 2019. In the U.S., more than 2.8 million antimicrobial-resistant infections occur each year. More than 35,000 people die as a result, according to CDC’s 2019 Antibiotic Resistance (AR) Threats Report. When Clostridioides difficile—a bacterium that is not typically resistant but can cause deadly diarrhea and is associated with antimicrobial use—is added to these, the U.S. toll of all the threats in the report exceeds 3 million infections and 48,000 deaths.

Antimicrobial resistance has the potential to affect people at any stage of life, as well as the healthcare, veterinary, and agriculture industries. This makes it one of the world’s most urgent public health problems.

Bacteria and fungi do not have to be resistant to every antibiotic or antifungal to be dangerous. Resistance to even one antibiotic can mean serious problems. For example:

Antimicrobial-resistant infections that require the use of second- and third-line treatments can harm patients by causing serious side effects, such as organ failure, and prolong care and recovery, sometimes for months
Many medical advances are dependent on the ability to fight infections using antibiotics, including joint replacements, organ transplants, cancer therapy, and the treatment of chronic diseases like diabetes, asthma, and rheumatoid arthritis
In some cases, these infections have no treatment options
If antibiotics and antifungals lose their effectiveness, then we lose the ability to treat infections and control these public health threats.