لخّصلي

The truth is that economic and financial crime is not a recent phenomenon, as it has undergone many developments and has taken different forms according to the historical stages that economic and commercial systems have experienced over time.The professor introduced the term when he spoke before the American social assembly about the emergence of elite crimes, considering that they are related to the behavior of social crimes, and that social crimes are influenced by the emergence of elite crimes, which are factors of poverty and factors of psychological imbalance resulting from the inability and capabilities of individuals to meet needs.However, the system of the economic regulation, and the system of monitoring has been established to track violations of the enjoyment of rights, and the system of regulation aims to develop "construction or what is related to it and the establishment and construction of buildings and the prohibition of the known" in it. It was a matter of concern for Allah, peace be upon him, and he did not develop a reality that inspects the economic regulations as challenges to the construction, people, and warns them, and from the duties of the regulators in the reality of the economy and development. In the modern era, France witnessed many laws regulating economic life since the years 1311 and 1312 during the rule of "Philippe Le Tellier," where laws were issued restricting the export of certain agricultural products and imposing taxes on them.However, the economic life has begun to take legal measures, and economists since the 1980s of the twentieth century have noted that in this context, a term was coined for white-collar crime (La criminalite en col blanc) in all the areas that have witnessed significant development in the economic evolution, which has crystallized with many crimes.What economic and financial crises have led to the emergence of new crimes associated with the markets and factors, and the launch of what is called white-collar crimes, where their perpetrators are from prominent centers in society, and are associated with factors and psychological aspectsEconomic Penalties in Ancient Civilizations How much did the Pharaonic civilization contribute to the history that is known as the use of economic penalty laws, where the states intervened in economic life to a significant degree, especially in the distribution of water and irrigation systems?It was necessary to issue the law of penalties, and the position of the governor of the province was established, which confiscated regulations, notifications, orders, and economic matters related to trade, especially agricultural products and livestock.In the year 1567, a law was issued punishing those who hoard agricultural products and confiscating the stocks of wheat that exceed a certain amount.As for the Algerian region, the judicial discussions of the industry, agriculture, trade, and the import and export sectors specifically related to economic crimes have occurred.It is considered that the divine system was a significant factor.

The truth is that economic and financial crime is not a recent phenomenon, as it has undergone many developments and has taken different forms according to the historical stages that economic and commercial systems have experienced over time.
It can be said that economic crime is as old as the economic regulations that organized economic life. From the emergence of human gatherings, even in their primitive forms, and the gradual consequences of their violations.
Economic Penalties in Ancient Civilizations
How much did the Pharaonic civilization contribute to the history that is known as the use of economic penalty laws, where the states intervened in economic life to a significant degree, especially in the distribution of water and irrigation systems? It is considered that the divine system was a significant factor.
The regulations were established in the year 1330 before the economic penal legislation. The Roman civilization, which had economic regulations during the era of the Roman Empire, was also significant. It was necessary to issue the law of penalties, and the position of the governor of the province was established, which confiscated regulations, notifications, orders, and economic matters related to trade, especially agricultural products and livestock.
The penalties were based on social classes; for the upper classes, the punishment was a ban on practicing trade, exile, or imprisonment, while for the lower class, they faced fines or execution in certain cases.
However, the system of the economic regulation, and the system of monitoring has been established to track violations of the enjoyment of rights, and the system of regulation aims to develop "construction or what is related to it and the establishment and construction of buildings and the prohibition of the known" in it. It was a matter of concern for Allah, peace be upon him, and he did not develop a reality that inspects the economic regulations as challenges to the construction, people, and warns them, and from the duties of the regulators in the reality of the economy and development.
In the modern era, France witnessed many laws regulating economic life since the years 1311 and 1312 during the rule of "Philippe Le Tellier," where laws were issued restricting the export of certain agricultural products and imposing taxes on them. In the year 1505, a law was issued punishing those who sell goods at prices exceeding the limit set for them. In the year 1567, a law was issued punishing those who hoard agricultural products and confiscating the stocks of wheat that exceed a certain amount. In the year 1757, a decree was issued prohibiting the export of grains and fruits. The French Revolution issued Law 1793, which punishes those who hoard agricultural products with the death penalty without exception for the people.
Where the economic crisis began in the year 1914, the economic laws and regulations began to show the emergence of the economic crime law, taking into account what is in the criminal regulations. The economic and legal situation for the year if the economic crisis occurred: 1914-1918 and what it left behind in the economic and social structure increased the need for economic reforms in 1929.
Where the economic crisis began in the United States and the world during the period of the economic crisis, the regulations for monetary policy and the organization of production and foreign trade and the treatment of unemployment were established.
Also, the Second World War (1939-1945) and what accompanied it from developments in economic systems and crises led legal scholars to consider the emergence of economic crimes, where economic crimes were considered, and behind them was the law of economic sanctions.
Title: Economic Crime and Its Regulation
The economic crime regulation has organized the economy and the mechanisms of economic crime. A report was issued in 1952 and related legislation was enacted regarding the regulations and the expansion of the regulatory system. As for the Algerian region, the judicial discussions of the industry, agriculture, trade, and the import and export sectors specifically related to economic crimes have occurred.
The important characteristics that emerged in the twentieth century include industrial advancement and commercial movement, the emergence of corruption and construction, and financial exchanges. Regarding traditional crime, if the crime is linked to various economic sectors, new crime has flourished in the narrow dealings and trade. However, the economic life has begun to take legal measures, and economists since the 1980s of the twentieth century have noted that in this context, a term was coined for white-collar crime (La criminalité en col blanc) in all the areas that have witnessed significant development in the economic evolution, which has crystallized with many crimes.
With the technological advancement and the development of financial markets, economic crimes have emerged, such as financial fraud and others.
Crimes of the Elite
These are the crimes that are committed, and are perpetrated by prominent individuals, as they are part of distinguished social gatherings, based on the implementation of their functional roles.
The professor introduced the term when he spoke before the American social assembly about the emergence of elite crimes, considering that they are related to the behavior of social crimes, and that social crimes are influenced by the emergence of elite crimes, which are factors of poverty and factors of psychological imbalance resulting from the inability and capabilities of individuals to meet needs.
If the crimes are serious, especially during the Cold War, and what followed it, the political and economic factors are obstructive to the social structure, and corruption poses a real threat to the economic and social stability of the role, and the democratic systems themselves.
What economic and financial crises have led to the emergence of new crimes associated with the markets and factors, and the launch of what is called white-collar crimes, where their perpetrators are from prominent centers in society, and are associated with factors and psychological aspects