لخّصلي

Introduction oFood does so much more than simply sustain life.oMicronutrients: needed in much smaller amounts and include vitamins and minerals

3/25/2024 12 Malnutrition and Infection Cycle 3/25/2024

Loss of appetite Malabsorption Increased need for energy and nutrients

Increased severity and duration of disease

Inadequate diet

Weight loss Growth faltering Lowered immunity Increased susceptibility

13

Age: 2 years 9 months Weight: 10.7 kg. Height: 78.3 cm 2 years 6 months 11.6 kg. 86.4 cm 8.1 cm

Causes of stunting

oPoor living conditions - low parental education, poor maternal nutrition during pregnancy, etc

oPoverty

oConsequences include: oHigher morbidity and mortality oLower educational achievement oReduced productivity in adulthood.Model for undernutrition 3/25/2024 11

Underlying causes Immediate causes Basic causes Formal and informal infrastructure/ political ideology/resources Inadequate food intake Poor Public Health Household food insecurity Disease Undernutrition Poor social and care practices Immediate causes of undernutrition oUndernutrition occurs when there is oinsufficient nutrient intake and/or oan increase of nutrient needs that prevents effective utilization of nutrients (i.e. morbidity)

oNutritional requirements are defined by oMacronutrients: needed in large amounts and include protein, carbohydrate and fat.In contrast, common screening parameters in acute care settings include unintentional weight loss, appetite, body mass index (BMI), and disease severity.NUTRITION SCREENING oNutrition screening is a quick look at a few variables to identify individuals who are malnourished or who are at risk for malnutrition so that an in-depth nutrition assessment can follow.3/25/2024 10 What causes malnutrition????????????...???????????...???????????...3/25/2024 14

Introduction
•Food does so much more than simply sustain life. Food is loaded with personal, social, and cultural meanings that define our food values, beliefs, and customs. That food nourishes the mind as well as the body broadens nutrition to an art as well as a science.
•Nutrition is not simply a matter of food or no food but rather a question of what kind, how much, how often, and why. Merging want with need and pleasure with health are keys to feeding the body, mind, and soul.
جاري التحميل…
•Although the dietitian is the nutrition and food expert, nurses play a vital role in nutrition care. Nurses may be responsible for screening hospitalized patients to identify patients at nutritional risk. They often serve as the liaison between the dietitian and physician as well as with other members of the health-care team.
•Nurses have far more contact with the patient and family and are often available as a nutrition resource when dietitians are not, such as during the evening, on weekends, and during discharge instructions.
NUTRITION SCREENING
•Nutrition screening is a quick look at a few variables to identify individuals who are malnourished or who are at risk for malnutrition so that an in-depth nutrition assessment can follow. Screening tools should be simple, reliable, valid, applicable to most patients or clients. For instance, a community-based senior center may use a nutrition screen that focuses mostly on intake risks common to that population, such as whether the client eats alone most of the time and/or has physical limitations that impair the ability to buy or cook food. In contrast, common screening parameters in acute care settings include unintentional weight loss, appetite, body mass index (BMI), and disease severity. Advanced age, and other factors may be considered.
جاري التحميل…

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What causes malnutrition?
جاري التحميل…
Model for undernutrition
3/25/2024
11

Underlying
causes
Immediate
causes
Basic causes
Formal and informal infrastructure/
political ideology/resources
Inadequate food intake
Poor Public
Health
Household food insecurity
Disease
Undernutrition
Poor social and care practices
Immediate causes of undernutrition
•Undernutrition occurs when there is
•insufficient nutrient intake and/or
•an increase of nutrient needs that prevents effective utilization of nutrients (i.e. morbidity)

•Nutritional requirements are defined by
•Macronutrients: needed in large amounts and include protein, carbohydrate and fat.
•Micronutrients: needed in much smaller amounts and include vitamins and minerals

3/25/2024
12
Malnutrition and Infection Cycle
3/25/2024

Loss of appetite
Malabsorption
Increased need for energy and nutrients

Increased severity and duration of disease

Inadequate diet

Weight loss
Growth faltering
Lowered immunity
Increased susceptibility

13

Age: 2 years 9 months
Weight: 10.7 kg.
Height: 78.3 cm
2 years 6 months
11.6 kg.
86.4 cm
8.1 cm

Causes of stunting

•Poor living conditions - low parental education, poor maternal nutrition during pregnancy, etc

•Poverty

•Consequences include:
•Higher morbidity and mortality
•Lower educational achievement
•Reduced productivity in adulthood.
3/25/2024
14