لخّصلي

A legal rule is binding: Binding means that a legal rule must be respected and implemented by all those subject to it. It may impose multiple obligations, and those concerned must implement them if the legal rule is mandatory.Obligation is what distinguishes a legal rule from moral and religious rules, and the binding characteristic is evident in the penalty imposed on those who violate it. The relationship between legal rules and religious rules: Religion refers to the set of rulings, commands, and prohibitions established by divine laws and revealed to prophets and messengers for people to follow.Therefore, a mandatory legal rule is binding, and the obligation here is embodied in the penalty prescribed by law for those who refrain from implementing or violate that rule.However, if the legal rule is supplementary, individuals may agree to the opposite of what it stipulates.The intended meaning of the penalty is punishment or compulsion to comply and respect through the use of public force.The purpose of religious rules is that, in addition to regulating the behavior of individuals within society, religion also regulates a person's relationship with God and with himself.Religious legal rules differ in terms of purpose and penalty.It also holds people accountable for their pure intentions.

A legal rule is binding: Binding means that a legal rule must be respected and implemented by all those subject to it. It may impose multiple obligations, and those concerned must implement them if the legal rule is mandatory. However, if the legal rule is supplementary, individuals may agree to the opposite of what it stipulates.
Therefore, a mandatory legal rule is binding, and the obligation here is embodied in the penalty prescribed by law for those who refrain from implementing or violate that rule. The intended meaning of the penalty is punishment or compulsion to comply and respect through the use of public force.
Obligation is what distinguishes a legal rule from moral and religious rules, and the binding characteristic is evident in the penalty imposed on those who violate it.
The relationship between legal rules and religious rules: Religion refers to the set of rulings, commands, and prohibitions established by divine laws and revealed to prophets and messengers for people to follow. Religious legal rules differ in terms of purpose and penalty. The purpose of religious rules is that, in addition to regulating the behavior of individuals within society, religion also regulates a person's relationship with God and with himself. It also holds people accountable for their pure intentions. If their intentions are good, they are recorded as good for their owner, and if they are evil, they are recorded as evil, in accordance with the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): "Actions are but by intentions, and each person will have what he intended." The purpose of law is utilitarian, as its rules aim to regulate the behavior of individuals to achieve equality and security among members of society. As for penalty, while both religious rules and legal rules have a penalty that is imposed when either of them is violated, the content of this penalty differs between the former and the latter. The legal penalty is a worldly - material - penalty that is imposed by the public authority, while the religious penalty is a penalty in the afterlife (and may be accompanied by a worldly penalty) that is deferred and imposed by God Almighty on the violator.
The relationship between legal rules and ethical rules is that they are social codes of conduct that most people consider binding and must be respected by individuals, otherwise they will incur public wrath. These codes aim to promote good deeds, fulfill promises, and other ideals within society. These codes differ from legal codes in terms of purpose and punishment. In terms of purpose, law aims to achieve a utilitarian goal, which is maintaining order within society. Ethics, on the other hand, aims to achieve an ideal goal, elevating human behavior to the ideal level it should be. Legal rules regulate the behavior of individuals in society, aiming to maintain order and stability, taking into account existing reality and taking the average person as a model. Ethical codes, on the other hand, aim to elevate human beings toward perfection. Therefore, they outline a model of the perfect person based on what should be, not what actually exists. As for punishment, the legal punishment is a material, tangible punishment imposed by the public authority. As for the moral punishment, it is a moral punishment represented either by a reprimand of conscience, which a person inflicts upon himself, or by the group’s anger and contempt for the transgressor, which the group inflicts upon those who violate the law that it has set for itself.