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Contrast agents are separated into negative contrast such as air and carbon dioxide, neutral contrast such as water and positive contrast such as barium and iodine.Some use the term contrast dye to describe these agents as well.

Contrast agents are separated into negative contrast such as air and carbon dioxide, neutral contrast such as water and positive contrast such as barium and iodine. Barium is primarily used to image the gastrointestinal tract with positive contrast by swallowing or enema. Iodine is primarily used for imaging blood vessels and soft tissues and is separated into ionic versus non-ionic (since ionic is no longer really used). Then within non-ionic iodine it is divided by the osmolarity or number of molecules in which a lower osmolarity is preferable from the point of view of harmful effects.

All radiographic contrast agents used in x-ray imaging can be classified based on their effect on the resulting images and the type of physical media they use. Some use the term contrast dye to describe these agents as well. In radiology, understanding these classifications is critical to selecting the appropriate iodinated contrast agent for a specific imaging procedure. This article will also discuss different types of contrast agents including iodinated contrast and their classifications in radiological imaging in more detail.