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Acinetobacter resistance to antibiotics

More than 25 years ago, it was found that acinetobacter bacteria had begun to become resistant to some antibiotics, including: aminopenicillin, first and second generation cephalosporin, aminoglycosides, cephamycin, chloramphenicol, and tetracycline.This has raised concerns from an epidemiological standpoint due to the importance of this group of antibiotics, which are often considered a last resort.The term Extensively drug-resistant A. baumannii (XDRAB) is used to distinguish bacterial isolates resistant to all antibiotics except polymyxin and tigecycline.The carbapenemase enzyme can be detected With a simple examination, as shown in the following image, by cultivating bacteria sensitive to carbapenems around a disk containing one of the carbapenems, and then cultivating the bacteria in which the enzyme is to be detected.The emergence of high levels of multi-resistant A. bumannii bacteria has made it a priority health issue and is considered a serious threat to healthcare facilities, public health and the elderly.

Acinetobacter resistance to antibiotics

More than 25 years ago, it was found that acinetobacter bacteria had begun to become resistant to some antibiotics, including: aminopenicillin, first and second generation cephalosporin, aminoglycosides, cephamycin, chloramphenicol, and tetracycline. These bacteria were able, with their extraordinary ability, to keep pace with developments through antibiotic resistance. Which has been recently developed and has increased its spread in hospitals. According to the Center for Disease Control (CDC), 63% of Acinetobacter strains are resistant to multiple antibiotics (and in a recent study, 74% of isolates were resistant to multiple antibiotics). The term Extensively drug-resistant A. baumannii (XDRAB) is used to distinguish bacterial isolates resistant to all antibiotics except polymyxin and tigecycline.

Also, the results of many studies indicated the resistance of A. baumannii bacteria to carbapenems, the most famous of which are imipenem and meropenem. This has raised concerns from an epidemiological standpoint due to the importance of this group of antibiotics, which are often considered a last resort. This resistance is due to the production of OXA class D enzymes, oxa-23 and oxa-24/40, which are encoded by the blaOXA-23, blaOXA-40, and blaOXA-58 genes, as well as carbapenemase activity. The carbapenemase enzyme can be detected With a simple examination, as shown in the following image, by cultivating bacteria sensitive to carbapenems around a disk containing one of the carbapenems, and then cultivating the bacteria in which the enzyme is to be detected. It is known that a circle forms around the disk indicating that the sensitive bacteria are not growing, and in the event of the production of resistant bacteria. For the enzyme, it helps sensitive bacteria in the area where both meet and a distinctive bump is formed.

The emergence of high levels of multi-resistant A. bumannii bacteria has made it a priority health issue and is considered a serious threat to healthcare facilities, public health and the elderly. This requires a tremendous effort to stop this escalation.