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NTFS, which stands for NT file system and the New Technology File System, is the file system that the Windows NT operating system (OS) uses for storing and retrieving files on hard disk drives (HDDs) and solid-state drives (SSDs).It controls how data files are named, stored, retrieved and updated and what other information can be associated with the files -- for example, data on file ownership and user permissions.Today, there is also a distributed file system (DFS) where files are stored across multiple servers but is accessed and handled as if it were stored locally.The theoretical limit for the individual file size NTFS can support is 16 exbibytes minus 1 kilobyte (KB)NTFS is the Windows NT equivalent of the Windows 95 file allocation table (FAT) and the OS/2 High Performance File System (HPFS).A DFS enables multiple users to easily share data and files on a network and provides redundancy.NTFS is an option for formatting SSDs -- where its speed is particularly useful -- HDDs, USBs and micro SD cards that are used with Windows.For example, security and permissions are more advanced with NTFS than exFAT and FAT32.
NTFS, which stands for NT file system and the New Technology File System, is the file system that the Windows NT operating system (OS) uses for storing and retrieving files on hard disk drives (HDDs) and solid-state drives (SSDs). NTFS is the Windows NT equivalent of the Windows 95 file allocation table (FAT) and the OS/2 High Performance File System (HPFS). However, NTFS offers several improvements over FAT and HPFS in terms of performance, extendibility and security.
A computer's OS creates and maintains the file system on a storage drive or device. The file system essentially organizes the data into files. It controls how data files are named, stored, retrieved and updated and what other information can be associated with the files -- for example, data on file ownership and user permissions.
NTFS is one type of file system. File systems are generally differentiated by the OS and the type of drive they are being used with. Today, there is also a distributed file system (DFS) where files are stored across multiple servers but is accessed and handled as if it were stored locally. A DFS enables multiple users to easily share data and files on a network and provides redundancy.
How is NTFS used?
Microsoft Windows and some removable storage devices use NTFS to organize, name and store files. NTFS is an option for formatting SSDs -- where its speed is particularly useful -- HDDs, USBs and micro SD cards that are used with Windows.
Depending on the storage capacity of the device, the OS used and the type of drive, a different file system may be preferable, such as FAT32 or Extended FAT (exFAT). Each file system has benefits and drawbacks. For example, security and permissions are more advanced with NTFS than exFAT and FAT32. On the other hand, FAT32 and exFAT work better with non-Windows OSes, such as Mac and Linux.
All Microsoft OSes from Windows XP on use NTFS version 3.1 as their main file system. NTFS is also used on external drives because it has the capacity those drives need, supporting large files and partition sizes. NTFS can support up to 8 petabyte volumes and files on Windows Server 2019 and Windows 10, according to Microsoft. The theoretical limit for the individual file size NTFS can support is 16 exbibytes minus 1 kilobyte (KB)
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