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Acids were first recognized as a class of substances that taste sour, for example lemon juice and vinegar are considered as acids because of their sour taste due to their contents of citric acid and acetic acid, respectively.Bases, sometimes called alkalis, are characterized by their bitter taste and slippery feel to the

touch (e.g., soap).

Acids were first recognized as a class of substances that taste sour, for example lemon juice and vinegar are considered as acids because of their sour taste due to their contents of citric acid and acetic acid, respectively. Bases, sometimes called alkalis, are characterized by their bitter taste and slippery feel to the

touch (e.g., soap).

Bronsted-Lowry definition of acids and bases, acid is a "proton donor" and base is a "proton acceptor". For example, when an acid HA dissolves in water, the following reaction occurs:

HA + H2O A+ H3O+ The acid HA loses its proton to produce A-(conjugate base), while water acts as a base, it accepts the proton and produces H3O+ (conjugate acid).

Some examples of strong acids: HCl, HNO3, HCIO4, HBr, HClO3 and HI.

Some examples of strong bases include all hydroxides of group IA (LiOH, NaOH, KOH .......) and some hydroxides of group IIA such as Ca (OH)2, and Ba (OH)2. Acid-Base titration (or neutralization reaction) is the determination of the concentration of an acid or base by exactly neutralizing it with a base or an acid of known concentration