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O Chapter (2) Marketing, market, Production

Marketing • Marketing is the activity, and processes for creating, communicating, delivering, exchanging and offers that have value for customers, clients. . What Are the 4 Ps of Marketing? 4P Marketing What Is Marketing? + |||| Product 0000 Price Place Promotion 1. Product Refers to an item or items the business plans to offer to customers. The product should seek to fulfil an absence in the market or fulfil consumer demand.

2- Price Refers to how much the company will sell the product for. • When establishing a price, companies must consider the unit cost price, marketing costs, and distribution expenses. 3- Place • Refers to the distribution of the product. • Key considerations include whether the company will sell the product through a physical storefront, online, or through both distribution channels 4- Promotion: . The fourth P, is the integrated marketing communications campaign. • Promotion includes a variety of activities such as advertising, selling, sales promotions, public relations, direct marketing, sponsorship, and guerrilla marketing.Guerrilla Marketing Kicke Market A market is where buyers and sellers can meet to facilitate the exchange or transaction of goods and services. The market establishes the prices for goods and services. These rates are determined by supply and demand. The idea of supply and demand is one of the very basics of economics. The sellers create supply, while buyers generate demand. Buyer and Seller Buyers: Is a person who purchases(buy) goods or services for personal or business reasons There are four types of buyers: 1. Private buyers: They are individuals who purchase a property for their own personal use. 2. First-time buyers :They are just that people who are buying a property for the very first time." 3. Trade buyers:They are usually developers or builders 4. who buy properties to renovate or redevelop them. Institutional investors: They are large organizations that purchase properties for investment purposes. Sellers: Refers to a party that offers a good, service, or asset in return for payment. A seller can be: an individual. *Corporation. Government. Or any other entity. There are three types of sellers : 1.Wholesalers :These sellers deal with large quantities and sell in bulk They sell their wares to retailers who then decide on a final price that is paid by the consumer. 2. Retailers :These entities sell directly to the consumer. The goal of retailers is to make a profit between what they pay to wholesalers and what they receive from their customers. 3. Online Sellers: Also called online vendors, these sellers work exclusively online without any brick-and-mortar locations Many of these are large virtual marketplaces where smaller entities can sell their goods and services, such as Amazon. Types of Markets

1. Physical market is a set up where buyers can physically meet the sellers and purchase the desired merchandises() from them in exchange of money. Ex: Shopping malls, department stores, retail stores.
2. Non-Physical Markets: In such markets, buyers purchase goods and services through internet. In such a market the buyers and sellers do not meet or interact physically, transaction can be done through internet. Examples - Noon, Jumia, eBay, Amazon. Marketing and Consumer Marketing: • Business Marketing (B2B) Refers to the sale of either products or services or both by one organization to other organizations. Like Office furniture. • Consumer Marketing (B2C) Refers to the transaction of goods and services between organizations and customers. Products in consumer market are categorized into:

• Fast Moving Consumer Goods: which are items that are sold quickly to the end-users generally at nominal costs as soft drinks. -Consumer Durables which are Goods that a consumer uses for a amount of time rather than consuming in one use as Television, CD Players, Radio
• Soft Goods which goods or products which have a shorter lifecycle and their value decreases after every use like shirts, clothes, shoes. ٩-١٥ / ٢٥Competitive advantage A competitive advantage enables a company to perform better than its competitors. It refers to factors allowing a company to produce services or goods better or for less expense than the competitors, which may generate more sales or higher profit margins (R&D manager). Competitive advantage strategy Broad scope (competing in many customer segments) Narrow scope (competing in a selected customer segment or group of segments). This yields three basic strategies. 1-Porter's Cost Leadership Strategy • Aims to achieve a competitive advantage by offering products or services at a lower cost than competitors while maintaining a reasonable (J)level of quality. (China products) 2-Porter's Differentiation Strategy • Seeks to create a competitive advantage by offering unique and distinct products or services. • This strategy revolves around presenting customers with something extraordinary (), through innovation, quality, branding. (MC delivery,Apple, Branding) & Strategy tbon 00 nosec Strategy Suc UsineSale Get St egs GBowt Lenes Grow Strategy:eg Growt OCCI Solutions gece ales S 68 6 Busin Success 68666 Business eB GreStrategy lutions Bb6nes Success on So Sales Sol 1050 owth Sucбestésbe Strategy ewe 61 Business St Gatet GE6wes Octab gate5818 eer Gabe 3-The Focus Strategy is divided into two sub-strategies : • Cost Focus: Centers on serving a particular market which focus on cost efficiency. Companies adopting this approach seek to offer products or services at lower costs than competitors. • Differentiation Focus: It revolves around standing out within a specific market by offering distinctive and unique products or services. الإنتاج Production • Production is the process of making or manufacturing goods and products from raw materials or components. In other words, production takes inputs and uses them to create an output Factors of production . Factors of production is an economic term that describes the inputs used in the production of goods or services to make an economic profit.Four Factors of Production Land Labor Capital Entrepreneurship Factors of production • Land includes any natural resource used to produce goods and services; anything that comes from the land. (water, oil, natural gas, coal, and forests). Land resources are the raw materials in the production process. These resources can be renewable, such as forests, or nonrenewable such as oil or natural gas. • Labor is the effort that people contribute to the production of goods and services. Capital J as the machinery, tools and buildings humans use to produce goods and services. Capital differs based on the worker and the type of work being done. For example, a an examination room to provide doctor may use medical services. Your teacher may use textbooks, desks, and a whiteboard to produce education services. is a person رائد الاعمال An entrepreneur who combines the other factors of production - land, labor, and capital - to earn a profit.. Four Factors of Production: Examples In economics, factors of production are the resources people use to produce goods and services. Land Includes any natural resource. DE Capital Includes machinery, tools and buildings. Labor The effort that humans contribute. Entrepreneurship Combines land, labor and capital in new ways FEDERAL RESERVE BANK of ST. LOUIS Production Functions Land Cars Labor Inputs Outputs House

Capital Food Entrepreneurship ComputersManufacturing Vs Service Manufacturing is the production of goods that are used by the people. In manufacturing, there is no direct contact with the end users Services refer to industries that do not produce goods but provide invaluable services to the people such as health services, hospitality, aviation, banking, and so on.

O
Chapter (2) Marketing,
market, Production

Marketing
• Marketing is the
activity, and processes for
creating, communicating,
delivering,
exchanging
and
offers that
have value for customers,
clients.
. What Are the 4 Ps of Marketing?
4P Marketing
What Is Marketing?
+
||||
Product
0000
Price
Place
Promotion

1. Product
   Refers to an item or items the
   business plans to offer to
   customers.
   The product should seek to
   fulfil an absence in the market
   or fulfil consumer demand.

2- Price
Refers to how much the company
will sell the product for.
• When establishing a price,
companies must consider the unit
cost price, marketing costs, and
distribution expenses.
3- Place
• Refers to the distribution
of the product.
• Key considerations include
whether the company will
sell the product through a
physical storefront,
online, or through both
distribution channels
4- Promotion:
. The fourth P, is the integrated
marketing communications
campaign.
• Promotion includes a variety of
activities such as advertising,
selling, sales promotions, public
relations, direct marketing,
sponsorship, and guerrilla
marketing.Guerrilla Marketing
Kicke
Market
A market is where buyers and sellers can meet
to facilitate the exchange or transaction of
goods and services.
The market establishes the prices for goods and
services.
These rates are determined by supply and
demand.
The idea of supply and demand is one of the
very basics of economics.
The sellers create supply, while buyers
generate demand.
Buyer and Seller
Buyers:
Is a person who purchases(buy) goods or services for
personal or business reasons
There are four types of buyers:

1. Private buyers: They are individuals who purchase a
   property for their own personal use.


2. First-time buyers :They are just that people who are
   buying a property for the very first time."


3. Trade buyers:They are usually developers or builders

who buy properties to renovate or redevelop them.
Institutional investors: They are large organizations
that purchase properties for investment purposes.
Sellers:
Refers to a party that offers a good, service, or asset in return for
payment.
A seller can be:
an individual.
*Corporation.
Government.
Or any other entity.
There are three types of sellers :
1.Wholesalers :These sellers deal with large quantities and sell in bulk
They sell their wares to retailers who then decide on a final price that
is paid by the consumer.
2. Retailers :These entities sell directly to the consumer. The goal of
retailers is to make a profit between what they pay to wholesalers and what
they receive from their customers.
3. Online Sellers: Also called online vendors, these sellers work
exclusively online without any brick-and-mortar locations
Many of these are large virtual marketplaces where smaller entities
can sell their goods and services, such as Amazon.
Types of Markets

1. Physical market is a set up where buyers can
   physically meet the sellers and purchase the
   desired merchandises() from them in
   exchange of money. Ex: Shopping malls,
   department stores, retail stores.


2. Non-Physical Markets: In such markets, buyers
   purchase goods and services through internet. In
   such a market the buyers and sellers do not meet
   or interact physically, transaction can be done
   through internet. Examples - Noon, Jumia, eBay,
   Amazon.
   Marketing and Consumer Marketing:
   • Business Marketing (B2B) Refers to the sale of either products or
   services or both by one organization to other organizations. Like
   Office furniture.
   • Consumer Marketing (B2C) Refers to the transaction of goods and
   services between organizations and customers.
   Products in consumer market are categorized into:

• Fast Moving Consumer Goods: which are items that are sold
  quickly to the end-users generally at nominal costs as soft
  drinks.
  -Consumer Durables
  which are Goods that a consumer
  uses for a amount of time rather than consuming in one use as
  Television, CD Players, Radio


• Soft Goods which goods or products which have a shorter
  lifecycle and their value decreases after every use like shirts,
  clothes, shoes.
  ٩-١٥
  /
  ٢٥Competitive advantage
  A competitive advantage enables a
  company to perform better than its
  competitors. It refers to factors
  allowing a company to produce
  services or goods better or for less
  expense than the competitors, which
  may generate more sales or higher
  profit margins (R&D manager).
  Competitive advantage strategy
  Broad scope
  (competing in many
  customer segments)
  Narrow scope
  (competing in a selected
  customer segment or
  group of segments).
  This yields three basic strategies.
  1-Porter's Cost Leadership Strategy
  • Aims to achieve a competitive advantage by offering
  products or services at a lower cost than competitors
  while maintaining a reasonable (J)level of quality.
  (China products)
  2-Porter's Differentiation Strategy
  • Seeks to create a competitive advantage by offering
  unique and distinct products or services.
  • This strategy revolves around presenting customers with
  something extraordinary (), through innovation,
  quality, branding. (MC delivery,Apple, Branding)
  &
  Strategy
  tbon
  00
  nosec
  Strategy
  Suc
  UsineSale
  Get St egs GBowt
  Lenes Grow
  Strategy:eg Growt
  OCCI
  Solutions gece
  ales
  S
  68
  6
  Busin
  Success
  68666
  Business
  eB GreStrategy
  lutions Bb6nes
  Success
  on
  So
  Sales Sol 1050
  owth Sucбestésbe
  Strategy
  ewe
  61 Business
  St Gatet GE6wes
  Octab
  gate5818 eer
  Gabe
  3-The Focus Strategy
  is divided into two sub-strategies :
  • Cost Focus: Centers on serving a particular market
  which focus on cost efficiency. Companies adopting
  this approach seek to offer products or services at
  lower costs than competitors.
  • Differentiation Focus: It revolves around standing
  out within a specific market by offering distinctive
  and unique products or services.
  الإنتاج Production
  • Production is the process of making or
  manufacturing goods and products from
  raw materials or components.
  ⚫ In other words, production takes
  inputs and uses them to create an
  output
  Factors of production
  . Factors of production is an economic
  term that describes the inputs used in the
  production of goods or services to make
  an economic profit.Four Factors of Production
  Land
  Labor
  Capital
  Entrepreneurship
  Factors of production
  • Land includes any natural resource used to
  produce goods and services; anything that
  comes from the land. (water, oil, natural gas,
  coal, and forests).
  Land resources are the raw materials in the
  production process. These resources can be
  renewable, such as forests, or nonrenewable
  such as oil or natural gas.
  • Labor is the effort that people
  contribute to the production of goods and
  services.
  Capital J as the machinery, tools and
  buildings humans use to produce goods and
  services. Capital differs based on the worker
  and the type of work being done. For
  example, a an examination room to provide
  doctor may use medical services. Your
  teacher may use textbooks, desks, and a
  whiteboard to produce education services.
  is a person رائد الاعمال An entrepreneur
  who combines the other factors of
  production - land, labor, and capital -
  to earn a profit..
  Four Factors of Production: Examples
  In economics, factors of production are the resources people use to
  produce goods and services.
  Land
  Includes any natural resource.
  DE
  Capital
  Includes machinery, tools
  and buildings.
  Labor
  The effort that humans contribute.
  Entrepreneurship
  Combines land, labor and capital
  in new ways
  FEDERAL
  RESERVE
  BANK of
  ST. LOUIS
  Production Functions
  Land
  Cars
  Labor
  Inputs
  Outputs
  House

Capital
Food
Entrepreneurship
ComputersManufacturing Vs Service
Manufacturing is the production of goods that are
used by the people.
In manufacturing, there is no direct contact
with the end users
Services refer to industries that do not produce
goods but provide invaluable services to the
people such as health services, hospitality,
aviation, banking, and so on.