Lakhasly

Mechanism of HCV Infection:

1.- Extrahepatic Effects: HCV can cause conditions like cryoglobulinemia, diabetes, and fatigue due to systemic inflammation.- Immune Evasion: HCV blocks immune responses by:

• Cleaving proteins (MAVS, TRIF) that activate interferon (IFN) pathways.Replication: Viral RNA is copied using viral proteins (NS3/4A protease, NS5A, NS5B polymerase).Entry: HCV binds to liver cells using receptors (e.g., CD81, SR-B1, claudin-1, occludin).### Pathophysiology:
• Liver Damage: Chronic HCV infection triggers inflammation, leading to:
  • Fibrosis: Scar tissue forms in the liver.- Creating viral quasi-species (mutations) to escape immune detection.Release: New virus particles are assembled in lipid droplets and released as lipoviroparticles.- Cirrhosis: Severe scarring disrupts liver function.2.3.

Mechanism of HCV Infection:

1. Entry: HCV binds to liver cells using receptors (e.g., CD81, SR-B1, claudin-1, occludin).


2. Replication: Viral RNA is copied using viral proteins (NS3/4A protease, NS5A, NS5B polymerase).


3. Release: New virus particles are assembled in lipid droplets and released as lipoviroparticles.

Pathophysiology:

• Liver Damage: Chronic HCV infection triggers inflammation, leading to:
  
  
  
  • Fibrosis: Scar tissue forms in the liver.
  
  
  • Cirrhosis: Severe scarring disrupts liver function.
  
  
  • Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC): Long-term damage increases liver cancer risk.
  
  
  
  


• Immune Evasion: HCV blocks immune responses by:
  
  
  
  • Cleaving proteins (MAVS, TRIF) that activate interferon (IFN) pathways.
  
  
  • Creating viral quasi-species (mutations) to escape immune detection.
  
  
  
  


• Extrahepatic Effects: HCV can cause conditions like cryoglobulinemia, diabetes, and fatigue due to systemic inflammation.