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Every beverage and other kinds of drinks, or foods that are eaten, have a specific taste to them.The indicators, such as litmus, turmeric, and China rose are naturally occurring and are dipped into the liquid to determine its sourness or bitterness.Chemically, acids are molecules that split apart in water releasing hydrogen ions, increasing the number of these ions.Chemically, bases are molecules that split when put in water and release hydroxide ions, but reducing the number of hydrogen ions.Litmus is made from organisms called lichens, which come from fungus and alga, and are found in the form of a paper strip or a solution used by chemists and other scientists.Both acids and bases were defined in 1887 by a chemist named Svante Arrhenius.

Every beverage and other kinds of drinks, or foods that are eaten, have a specific taste to them. There are foods with sour tastes like buttermilk, lemon juice, orange juice, and certain candies. There is also a second taste that is bitter leading someone to immediately want to spit it out of their mouth. These sour and bitter tastes are caused by acids and bases.

The sour taste, like in orange juice, is tangy and is caused by acids found in drinks or other foods. The word acid itself comes from a Latin word which means sour: acere. There are natural acids in most of the liquids people drink, like orange or lemon juice, meaning they are found in nature. Chemically, acids are molecules that split apart in water releasing hydrogen ions, increasing the number of these ions.

On the other hand, bases have a bitter taste, like baking soda, and have a soap-like texture. It will feel soapy if rubbed between the fingers. Both acids and bases were defined in 1887 by a chemist named Svante Arrhenius. Chemically, bases are molecules that split when put in water and release hydroxide ions, but reducing the number of hydrogen ions.

Determining whether a substance is an acid or base cannot be done by tasting every liquid in nature. Instead, there is a special type of substance used to discover whether a liquid is acidic or basic in nature. The different substances are known as indicators. They will change color depending on whether the substance is an acid or base. The indicators, such as litmus, turmeric, and China rose are naturally occurring and are dipped into the liquid to determine its sourness or bitterness.

Litmus is the most commonly used natural indicator. Its natural color is purple, but when an acidic solution touches it, it will turn red. If it is dipped into a basic solution the litmus will turn blue. Litmus is made from organisms called lichens, which come from fungus and alga, and are found in the form of a paper strip or a solution used by chemists and other scientists.