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From the different populations, 79 starfish were col-lected from locations in the Red Sea and the Mediter-ranean Sea (Fig.The relationship amongthe starfish was analyzed using parsimony analysis(PAUP program), in which only phylogenetically infor-mative characters are used to construct the shortesttree, by stepwise addition of taxa and characters.Allthe primers yielded the same band patterns in all thespecimens from the Mediterranean Sea, while differ-ent patterns were displayed in the populations fromthe Red Sea.All of the 185 bands scored (100%) werepolymorphic among the 32 specimens from Elat, whileonly 4.6% appeared to be polymorphic among the 47specimens taken from the Mediterranean Sea.3 compares RAPDpatterns obtained from the fissiparous starfish fromthe Mediterranean (Fig. 3B) usinganother primer. 1).


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From the different populations, 79 starfish were col-lected from locations in the Red Sea and the Mediter-ranean Sea (Fig. 1). Their DNA was isolated and usedfor RAPD analysis. The average number of bands iden-tified per primer was 8.5. A total of 185 bands between100 and 1400 nucleotide pairs long were scored. Allthe primers yielded the same band patterns in all thespecimens from the Mediterranean Sea, while differ-ent patterns were displayed in the populations fromthe Red Sea. All of the 185 bands scored (100%) werepolymorphic among the 32 specimens from Elat, whileonly 4.6% appeared to be polymorphic among the 47specimens taken from the Mediterranean Sea. Fig. 2shows a typical RAPD banding pattern for 1 primer insamples taken from 15 pentamerous starfish from Elatand 2 fissiparous from Shikmona. The pattern variationbetween individuals is evident. Fig. 3 compares RAPDpatterns obtained from the fissiparous starfish fromthe Mediterranean (Fig. 3A) and Elat (Fig. 3B) usinganother primer. While the banding pattern variesamong samples collected in Elat, it is uniform amongthose from the Mediterranean. The relationship amongthe starfish was analyzed using parsimony analysis(PAUP program), in which only phylogenetically infor-mative characters are used to construct the shortesttree, by stepwise addition of taxa and characters. Thepolymorphic 185 bands were used, and the datayielded 13 shortest trees of 815 steps long. Fig. 4Ashows 1 of these trees. The majority-rule consensus treein Fig. 4B shows that the 13 shortest trees that weobtained from our data are nearly identical.


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