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Bone height-mandible only:
3
The identification and measurement of residual bone height is the most
easily quantified objective criterion for the mandibular edentulous ridge.To minimize variability in radiographic techniques, the measurement
should be made on the radiograph at that portion of the mandible of the
least vertical height.Atwood's description in 1971 of alveolar bone loss
is still applicable today: "Chronic progressive, irreversible and disabling
process probably of multifactoral origin. At the present time, the
importance of various cofactors is unknown."In addition, it represents a measurement of the chronic debilitation
associated with complete edentulism in the mandible.Tissues remaining for reconstruction.2.3.4.5.


Original text

Bone height-mandible only:
3
The identification and measurement of residual bone height is the most
easily quantified objective criterion for the mandibular edentulous ridge.
In addition, it represents a measurement of the chronic debilitation
associated with complete edentulism in the mandible. Despite the lack of a
known etiology, it has been established that the loss of denture supporting
structures does occur. Atwood‘s description in 1971 of alveolar bone loss
is still applicable today: “Chronic progressive, irreversible and disabling
process probably of multifactoral origin. At the present time, the
importance of various cofactors is unknown.” The continued decrease in
bone volume affects:



  1. Denture-bearing area.

  2. Tissues remaining for reconstruction.

  3. Facial muscle support/attachment.

  4. Total facial height.

  5. Ridge morphology.
    The results of a radiographic survey of residual bone height measurement
    are affected by the variation in the radiographic techniques and
    magnification of panoramic machines of different manufacturers.
    To minimize variability in radiographic techniques, the measurement
    should be made on the radiograph at that portion of the mandible of the
    least vertical height. The values assigned to each of the four types listed
    below are averages that historically have been used in relation to
    preprosthetic surgical procedures. A measurement is made and the patient
    is classified as follows:


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