لخّصلي

Managers in any organization face many challenges.One of the most important challenges they face is how to motivate their employees to meet the needs of the organization as well as their own needs, and to achieve goals for both the organization and the employees (Tamilya Armania-Kibuladze) (2010) [6].Work motivation is the first step in the process of achieving goals and enhancing performance.Motivation creates the mental effort that drives knowledge and skills.Without motivation, a capable person cannot work hard.

Managers in any organization face many challenges. One of the most important challenges they face is how to motivate their employees to meet the needs of the organization as well as their own needs, and to achieve goals for both the organization and the employees (Tamilya Armania-Kibuladze) (2010) [6].

Work motivation is the first step in the process of achieving goals and enhancing performance. Motivation creates the mental effort that drives knowledge and skills. Without motivation, a capable person cannot work hard. Thus, motivational performance gaps exist whenever “people avoid starting something new, resist doing something familiar, stop doing something important and shift their attention to a less valuable task, or refuse to ‘work smart’ on a new challenge and instead use old, familiar but inadequate solutions to solve a new problem” (Clark, 2003) [7].

Employees are the main assets of any organization that has increased attention to work motivation in the face of high global competition and growing industry (Bjorklund, 2001) [8]. The success of an organization depends on the performance of its employees, and it is very important to have creative, innovative and committed employees. This leads to economic stability, improved living standards, higher salaries and increased availability of goods. Some researchers claim that individual employee performance is important for the entire society (Ndirtagu, 2013) [9]. Motivation has a positive impact on organizational commitment of employees (Mubbsher Khan and Hira Tahir